The Maya Civilization * |
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1200-1000 Olmec
1800-900 Early Preclassic Maya
900-300 Middle Preclassic Maya
300 B.C. - A.D. 250 Late Preclassic Maya |
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250-600 Early Classic Maya
600-900 Late Classic Maya
900-1500 Post Classic Maya
1521-1821 Colonial period
1821- today Independent Mexico |
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| 11,000 |
The
first hunter-gatherers settle in the Maya highlands and lowlands.
|
| 3114-3113 |
The creation
of the world takes place, according to the Maya Long Count calendar.
|
| 2000 |
The rise
of the Olmec civilization, from which many aspects of Maya culture
are derived. Village farming becomes established throughout Maya
regions. |
| 700 |
Mayan
Writing is developed. |
| 400 |
The earliest
known solar calendars are carved in stone. |
| 300 |
The Maya
adopt the idea of a society ruled by nobles and kings. |
| 100 |
The city
of Teotihuacán is founded in the rainforest and for hundreds of
years is the cultural, religious and trading centre |
|
|
| 100 |
Decline
of the Olmecs. |
| 400 |
Maya highlands
are under the domination of Teotihuacán The end of Maya culture
and language begins in some parts of the region |
| 500 |
Tikal becomes the first great Maya
city. Citizens from Teotihuacán arrive, with new ideas for weapons,
and human devotion. |
| 600 |
A mysterious event destroys Teotihuacán.
Tikal becomes the largest city in Mesoamérica. Tours still run
to Tikal today. |
| 683 |
At age 80, The Emperor Pacal dies
. He is buried in the Temple of the Inscriptions at Palenque.
Mayan Pyramids can still be seen today |
| 751 |
Trade between Maya areas declines
and conflict increases. |
| 869 |
In Tikal, construction stops and the
city begins to come to an end. |
| 899 |
Tikal is abandoned. |
| 900 |
The Classic
Period of Maya history ends, with the collapse of the southern
lowland cities. Maya cities in the northern Yucatán continue to
thrive. Development of the Puuc style in Uxmal, Kabah and Labná.
|
| 1200 |
Northern
Maya cities begin to be abandoned. |
| 1224 |
The city
of Chichén Itzá in Yucatan is abandoned by the Toltecs. The Itzá
people settle in the deserted area. |
| 1244 |
The Itzá
leave Chichén Itzá Mexico for unknown reasons |
| 1263 |
The Itzá
begin building the city of Mayapán. |
| 1283 |
Mayapán
becomes the capital of Yucatán |
| 1441 |
Mayapán
is abandoned by 1461. After this, warring groups compete to rule
over the others. |
| 1517 |
The Spanish
first arrive on the shores of Yucatán under Hernández de Córdoba,
The arrival of the Spanish brings diseases to the Maya including
smallpox, influenza and measles. Within a century, 90 per cent
of Mesoamérica's native populations will have died. |
| 1519 |
Hernán
Cortés begins exploring Yucatán. |
| 1524 |
Cortés
meets the Itzá people, the last of the Maya to remain free of
the Spanish. |
| 1528 |
The Spanish
begin their conquest of the northern Maya. The Maya fight back
|
| 1541 |
The Spanish
conquer the Maya. |
| 1542 |
The Spanish
establish a capital city at Mérida in Yucatán. |
| 1695 |
The ruins
of Tikal in Guatamela are discovered by a Spanish priest, who
had become lost in the jungle. |
| 1697 |
The city
of Tayasal, capital of the Itzá in the Petén, is taken by the
Spanish. It was the last Maya independent political entity |
| 1712 |
The Maya
of the Chiapas highlands rise against the Mexican government.
They continue to do so off and on until today. |
| 1821 |
Mexico
becomes independent from Spain. |
| 1839 |
American
diplomat and amateur archaeologist John Lloyd Stephens and English
artist Frederick Catherwood begin exploring Maya regions |
| 1847 |
The Yucatán
Maya rise up against the Mexican government. The rebellion is
so successful that the Maya almost take over the entire peninsula
in the "War of the Castes". |
| 1910 |
The
Mexican Revolution begins. |
| 1952 |
The Priest-king
Pacal's tomb at Palenque is discovered |
| 1962 |
Maya hieroglyphic signs are first catalogued . Looting of
Maya tombs and sites begins around this time in the southern
lowlands.
(based on the book 'Mystery of the Maya')
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